Water jet chopping is a producing process that makes use of high pressure jets of water provided by pressurizing pumps that deliver a supersonic stream of water to cut and form various types of materials. The water in water jet slicing is pressurized to 392 MPa and projected using a small precision nozzle. As the water leaves the nozzle, it reaches speeds which are 3 times the speed of sound.
Pure water jet cutting with water as its medium is designed for soft materials comparable to wood, plastics, and rubber. When an abrasive is added to the water stream, akin to titanium, stainless steel, aluminum, glass, ceramic materials, and concrete, chopping becomes more aggressive and capable of slicing hard metals.
Chapter Two – How Water Jet Cutting Works
The water jet cutting process might be accomplished in several different ways. The mainity of the strategies have an abrasive blended into the water to blast particles from the workpiece. It is a very versatile manufacturing process that can be utilized to cut, shape, and design a workpiece to meet precise specifications.
The shaping method used for water jet chopping has several advantages over different chopping processes, akin to plasma or laser. Water jet chopping has higher accuracy, can cut advanced designs, and is able to chop thermally sensitive surfaces.
The Process of Water Jet Cutting
Measuring Kerf Width
Kerf width pertains to the material being removed as a part of a chopping process. The term was originally used to confer with the material removed by the cutting of a noticed blade. Within the case of a water jet cutter, it refers back to the width of the stream, which is normally 0.04 inch or smaller. The inside corners cut by water jet cutting have a radius that matches the width of the stream. The kerf is dependent upon a variety of factors, which include material thickness, type of fabric, reducing quality, and the character of the waterjet nozzle.
The scale of the kerf is a crucial design factor that needs to be accounted for when determining the dimensions of the ultimate product. If the kerf is 0.042 inches, the dimensions of the final part must be adjusted to account for the reducing width or the ultimate part will be 0.042 inch off.
Initial Water Jet Piercing
The first cut made by a water jet cutter is referred to as the pierce, which is wider than the traditional kerf. The initiation of the pierce is the first step in the water jet cutting process. It can be accomplished in a number of different ways with stationary, linear, circular, and low pressure being the commonest methods. Which of the piercing strategies is used relies on the fabric to be minimize and the amount of scrap produced.
Tapering in Kerf Width
Tapering in water jet slicing refers back to the kerf width on the top of the cut and its width at the bottom. Water jet cuts have a V-shaped taper, which is generated because the stream loses a few of its energy as it cuts deeper into the fabric, with more materials being removed at the top than at the bottom.
Slow slicing speeds produce a reverse taper where the kerf width is wider at the bottom, which is caused by removing more materials on the bottom of the cut. The reverse taper could be seen when slicing soft, pliable materials.
Barrel tapers are created when the minimize is widest in the middle of the lower, which occurs when chopping extremely thick materials.
For many reducing, tapering does not matter and can be utilized as a benefit for sure jobs. Within the case of precision tooling where lower pieces should fit together accurately, tapering generally is a problem and needs to be taken into consideration.
Pressurizing the Water
A number of methods are used to pressurize the water, together with linear intensifiers and rotary direct drive pumps. The two types of pumps have a motor, water filters, management systems, and sensors.
Linear intensifier pumps use pressurized hydraulic oil at a pressure of 3000 psi. Low pressure oil pushes towards a piston that has a face area that is 20 instances larger than that of the high pressure plunger that pushes in opposition to the water. For the reason that dimension of the low pressure pump is 20 instances larger than that of the high pressure one, the pressure on the bigger plunger is intensified 20 occasions, yielding a pressure of 60,000 psi.
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